What is carbon steel? Classification of carbon steel and commonly used grades of carbon steel.

Release time:

2022-09-16

Carbon steel is an iron carbon alloy with a carbon content ranging from 0.0218% to 2.11%. Also known as carbon steel. Generally, it also contains small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus. Generally, the higher the carbon content in carbon steel, the greater the hardness and strength, but the lower the plasticity.
1. By carbon content:
Low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, and high carbon steel.
(1) The carbon content in low-carbon steel is generally less than 0.25%. It has relatively low strength, but good plasticity, toughness, and welding performance, making it easy to press. Therefore, it is commonly used to make various sheets and can be used to manufacture various stamped parts and containers. This type of steel is often used to manufacture various carburized parts. After carburizing and quenching, the surface hardness of the steel is high, and the wear resistance is good, while the core maintains a certain strength and toughness. It can be used to manufacture parts that withstand impact loads and wear-resistant parts, such as gears, short shafts, pins, etc. Therefore, this type of steel is also known as surface hardened steel or carburized steel.
(2) The carbon content in medium carbon steel is generally between 0.25 and 0.6%. This type of steel has high strength, but low plasticity and toughness. This type of steel is generally subjected to heat treatment and tempering treatment during use. After quenching and tempering treatment, it can obtain higher strength and good toughness. It can be used to manufacture various types of shafts, rods, sleeves, pins, bolts, nuts, etc. If quenched and tempered, the surface can be made hard and wear-resistant, and various wear-resistant parts such as gears, spline shafts, etc. can be manufactured. This type of steel is also known as quenched and tempered steel.
(3) The carbon content in high carbon steel is greater than 0.6%. This type of steel has high hardness and strength, but poor plasticity and toughness. If this type of steel is quenched and tempered at medium temperature, it not only has high strength but also good elasticity. Mainly used to manufacture springs with low performance requirements. Such as valve springs, plate springs, rotary springs, and spring coils.

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